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KLINGAGE KLINPORT(Metal-to-glass Seald)
Why is the KLINPORT strong
Cross section Type AX-2
［1］ The full seal-ability which is due to the seal arrival (Glass to Metal Seals) of metal and glass
It is doing special processing to the Metallic Ring mother material. It is the one which was fully stuck to with the metallic oxide and the glass to form in the hot-ization fusing each other each other like a molecule.
［2］It is the product which used glass with the strength which is most ideally.
It says that the strength of glass is related to the made history deeply than the kind of glass. That is, the glass ware
（1） By what manufacturing method were you made?
（2） What processing was given?
（3） What heat-treatment was given?
（4） What treatment did you receive after it had become a product?
（5） What usage is done now?
It relates.
When there is small damage in the surface and inside, the stress concentration originally often happens when the tensile stress acts on glass and glass often causes the damaging with it.
In other words, as for the strength of the glass, the one that there are not a minute solid and a flaw inside at all becomes maximum in the process of the manufacture. Also, the one which was manufactured from the free surface which is not in the thing which does secondary processing ( the polish processing and so on ) to the surface where glass was solidified becomes maximum.
The glass surface which the KLINPORT exposed isn't processing after heat-treatment. Also, the other surface unites with the Metallic Ring. It becomes the ideal manufacturing method and the structure which doesn't have to suffer damage after becoming a product, too.
［3］ KLINPORT is tempered glass.
reinforcement theory of the glass of the KLINPORT
The glass which is used for the KLINPORT was strengthened by the following theory.
That is, using the thing that the thermal expansion coefficient of the Metallic Ring is bigger than the thermal expansion coefficient of glass, it made a compression stress occur to glass yen board and it strengthened it.
It calculates the degree of the reinforcement by the following formula.
Feature
It is best as the sight glass to use in the environment which the high-pressure condition is severe on in the marvelous strength. The equipment main unit, and the straight or it is possible to connect with the taper screw. Therefore, the installation and the removal are simple and the maintenance is easy. Glass and the Metallic Ring fusion directly and it secures safe seal-ability. It is safe because the fragment doesn't scatter even if glass damages.
Explanatory notes
Pmo : stress to the direction of the radius in the boundary of the Metallic Ring and glass
T : coefficient of the clearance
ag : thermal expansion coefficient of glass
am : thermal expansion coefficient of the Metallic Ring
tg : setting temperature of glass（℃）
tm : setting temperature of the Metallic Ring（℃）
υg : poisson's ratio of glass
υm : poisson's ratio of Metal
rg : internal radius of the Metallic Ring＝outer radius of the glass disc
rm : outer radius of the Metallic Ring
Eg : young's modulus of glass
Em : young's modulus of the Metallic Ring
［KLINPORT reinforcement example of glass］
outward form of the Metallic Ring：φ60 caliber of the Metallic Ring ( The outward form of glass )In case ofφ40
ag = 48 ×10-7 υg = 0.24 rg = 20mm Eg = 6900kg/mm2 tg = tm =400℃
am = 112 × 10-7 υm = 0.33 rm = 30mm Em = 21000kg/mm2
That is, a reinforced level is 1026kg/cm2
Therefore, 1026kg/cm2 for strengthening is added to strength 500kg/cm2 of the glass and strength of 1526kg/cm2 will be possessed.
Actually, the one for the glass to have strength of 1700kg/cm2 by the device in the processing is produced.
［4］ Mechanism of the KLINPORT
Because KLINPORT is strong
Generally, the cause of the glass damaging is tensile stress. However, there is a compression stress in the glass direction of the radius because there is Metallic Ring in the KLINPORT. Therefore, out of the stress by the internal pressure and the load in attachment, tensile stress is countervailed with the the above condensation stress. Substantively, the tensile stress becomes small. Therefore, it is the meaning where the KLINPORT which is strong in the destruction is made.
Service pressure and Service temperature of KLINPORT
[1] Service pressure
It computes the service pressure of the KLINPORT by the following formula.
Pa= 4ta2δa / A (ｋｇｆ/c㎡) A = (π / 4) D2 (c㎡)
ｔ ： computation thickness of the glass board（mm）
ta ： actual thickness of the glass board（mm）
Pa ： maximum permission pressure（kgf/c㎡）｛0.1MPa｝
A ： area of the part which receives the pressure of the glass board（c㎡）
Ｄ ： diameter of the part which receives the pressure of the glass board（cm）
δa ： permission bend stress of the glass board (kgf/c㎡) It is 1/10 with bend strength in {10N/mm2}.
(It makes 1.5kgf/c㎡{14.7N/mm2}, being the same as the tempered glass at the KLINPORT.)
Therefore, theoretically, service pressure above 1000kgf/c㎡, too, is gotten.
In the one to be manufacturing at present, in the one with window diameter of φ 20 mm, it becomes service pressure 300kgf/c㎡.
［2］Service temperature
KLINPORT doesn't break even if it air-cools after heating to the maximum use temperature ( 350 °C in case of KP-30 ).
Moreover, it doesn't break even if it cools it quickly in the water of 10℃ after it heats it for five minutes with the glycerin of 230℃. （It is equal to water level gage glass JIS B8211）
I will produce special goods that endure severer use conditions by hope. For instance,
1.For high pressure vacuum ～1000kgf/c㎡
2.For high temperature -30℃～500℃
Why is the KLINPORT strong
Cross section Type AX-2
It is doing special processing to the Metallic Ring mother material. It is the one which was fully stuck to with the metallic oxide and the glass to form in the hot-ization fusing each other each other like a molecule.
［2］It is the product which used glass with the strength which is most ideally.
It says that the strength of glass is related to the made history deeply than the kind of glass. That is, the glass ware
（1） By what manufacturing method were you made?
（2） What processing was given?
（3） What heat-treatment was given?
（4） What treatment did you receive after it had become a product?
（5） What usage is done now?
It relates.
When there is small damage in the surface and inside, the stress concentration originally often happens when the tensile stress acts on glass and glass often causes the damaging with it.
In other words, as for the strength of the glass, the one that there are not a minute solid and a flaw inside at all becomes maximum in the process of the manufacture. Also, the one which was manufactured from the free surface which is not in the thing which does secondary processing ( the polish processing and so on ) to the surface where glass was solidified becomes maximum.
The glass surface which the KLINPORT exposed isn't processing after heat-treatment. Also, the other surface unites with the Metallic Ring. It becomes the ideal manufacturing method and the structure which doesn't have to suffer damage after becoming a product, too.
［3］ KLINPORT is tempered glass.
reinforcement theory of the glass of the KLINPORT
The glass which is used for the KLINPORT was strengthened by the following theory.
That is, using the thing that the thermal expansion coefficient of the Metallic Ring is bigger than the thermal expansion coefficient of glass, it made a compression stress occur to glass yen board and it strengthened it.
It calculates the degree of the reinforcement by the following formula.
Feature
It is best as the sight glass to use in the environment which the high-pressure condition is severe on in the marvelous strength. The equipment main unit, and the straight or it is possible to connect with the taper screw. Therefore, the installation and the removal are simple and the maintenance is easy. Glass and the Metallic Ring fusion directly and it secures safe seal-ability. It is safe because the fragment doesn't scatter even if glass damages.
Pmo : stress to the direction of the radius in the boundary of the Metallic Ring and glass
T : coefficient of the clearance
ag : thermal expansion coefficient of glass
am : thermal expansion coefficient of the Metallic Ring
tg : setting temperature of glass（℃）
tm : setting temperature of the Metallic Ring（℃）
υg : poisson's ratio of glass
υm : poisson's ratio of Metal
rg : internal radius of the Metallic Ring＝outer radius of the glass disc
rm : outer radius of the Metallic Ring
Eg : young's modulus of glass
Em : young's modulus of the Metallic Ring
［KLINPORT reinforcement example of glass］
outward form of the Metallic Ring：φ60 caliber of the Metallic Ring ( The outward form of glass )In case ofφ40
ag = 48 ×10-7 υg = 0.24 rg = 20mm Eg = 6900kg/mm2 tg = tm =400℃
am = 112 × 10-7 υm = 0.33 rm = 30mm Em = 21000kg/mm2
Therefore, 1026kg/cm2 for strengthening is added to strength 500kg/cm2 of the glass and strength of 1526kg/cm2 will be possessed.
Actually, the one for the glass to have strength of 1700kg/cm2 by the device in the processing is produced.
Because KLINPORT is strong
Generally, the cause of the glass damaging is tensile stress. However, there is a compression stress in the glass direction of the radius because there is Metallic Ring in the KLINPORT. Therefore, out of the stress by the internal pressure and the load in attachment, tensile stress is countervailed with the the above condensation stress. Substantively, the tensile stress becomes small. Therefore, it is the meaning where the KLINPORT which is strong in the destruction is made.
Service pressure and Service temperature of KLINPORT
[1] Service pressure
It computes the service pressure of the KLINPORT by the following formula.
Pa= 4ta2δa / A (ｋｇｆ/c㎡) A = (π / 4) D2 (c㎡)
ｔ ： computation thickness of the glass board（mm）
ta ： actual thickness of the glass board（mm）
Pa ： maximum permission pressure（kgf/c㎡）｛0.1MPa｝
A ： area of the part which receives the pressure of the glass board（c㎡）
Ｄ ： diameter of the part which receives the pressure of the glass board（cm）
δa ： permission bend stress of the glass board (kgf/c㎡) It is 1/10 with bend strength in {10N/mm2}.
(It makes 1.5kgf/c㎡{14.7N/mm2}, being the same as the tempered glass at the KLINPORT.)
Therefore, theoretically, service pressure above 1000kgf/c㎡, too, is gotten.
In the one to be manufacturing at present, in the one with window diameter of φ 20 mm, it becomes service pressure 300kgf/c㎡.
［2］Service temperature
KLINPORT doesn't break even if it air-cools after heating to the maximum use temperature ( 350 °C in case of KP-30 ).
Moreover, it doesn't break even if it cools it quickly in the water of 10℃ after it heats it for five minutes with the glycerin of 230℃. （It is equal to water level gage glass JIS B8211）
I will produce special goods that endure severer use conditions by hope. For instance,
1.For high pressure vacuum ～1000kgf/c㎡
2.For high temperature -30℃～500℃
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